å®å®ã³ãããŒã¬ããã³ã¹ã®èª²é¡ãšæ©äŒãæ¢ããŸããå°çå€ã§ç¹æ ãã瀟äŒãç¯ãããã®æ³çæ çµã¿ãçµæžã¢ãã«ãç€ŸäŒæ§é ãæè¡çèå¯ã«ã€ããŠåŠã³ãŸãããã
å®å®ã³ãããŒã®ã¬ããã³ã¹ïŒå°çå€ã§ã®å ¬æ£ã§æç¶å¯èœãªç€ŸäŒã®ç¢ºç«
人é¡ãå°çå€ã§ã®æä¹ çãªå± äœå°ã確ç«ãããšããéå¿çãªæ ã«ä¹ãåºãäžãã¬ããã³ã¹ã®åé¡ãæãéèŠã«ãªããŸããå®å®ã³ãããŒãšãããŠããŒã¯ã§å°é£ãªç°å¢ã®äžã§ãç§ãã¡ã¯ã©ã®ããã«ããŠå ¬æ£ã§ãæç¶å¯èœã§ãç¹æ ãã瀟äŒãåµé ã§ããã®ã§ããããïŒãã®ããã°èšäºã§ã¯ãå®å®ã³ãããŒã¬ããã³ã¹ã®å€é¢çãªåŽé¢ã«æ·±ãå ¥ã蟌ã¿ãæã ã®éã§ã®äººé¡ã®æªæ¥ã圢äœãã§ãããæ³çæ çµã¿ãçµæžã¢ãã«ãç€ŸäŒæ§é ããããŠæè¡çèå¯ãæ¢ããŸãã
I. å®å®ã³ãããŒã¬ããã³ã¹ã®å¿ èŠæ§
å®å®ã³ãããŒã®èšç«ã¯ãç§åŠã®é²æ©ãè³æºã®å©çšããããŠäººé¡ææã®æ¡å€§ã«ãšã£ãŠåäŸã®ãªãæ©äŒããããããŸããããããããã¯ãŸããæ éãªæ€èšãšç©æ¥µçãªèšç»ãå¿ èŠãšããè€éãªèª²é¡ãæèµ·ããŸãã確ç«ãããæ³å¶åºŠã瀟äŒèŠç¯ãæã€å°çäžã®ç€ŸäŒãšã¯ç°ãªããå®å®ã³ãããŒã¯éãããè³æºã極éã®ç°å¢ããããŠæœåšçã«å€æ§ãªäººå£ãæã€æ°ããç°å¢ã§éå¶ãããŸãããããã£ãŠã广çãªã¬ããã³ã¹æ§é ã®çºå±ã¯ããããã®å± äœå°ã®é·æçãªåç¶ãšç¹æ ãä¿èšŒããããã«äžå¯æ¬ ã§ãã
A. ç§©åºãšå®å šã®ç¢ºä¿
ããããã¬ããã³ã¹ã·ã¹ãã ã®äž»èŠãªæ©èœã®äžã€ã¯ãç§©åºãšå®å šãç¶æããããšã§ããå®å®ã³ãããŒã®æèã§ã¯ãããã«ã¯ç¯çœªã®é²æ¢ãçŽäºã®è§£æ±ºããããŠåäººã®æš©å©ã®ä¿è·ãå«ãŸããŸããå€ç«ãéãããè³æºããããŠæœåšçãªå¿ççã¹ãã¬ããµãŒãšãã£ãå®å®ç°å¢ç¹æã®èª²é¡ã¯ãæ¢åã®ç€ŸäŒåé¡ãæªåãããããæ°ããªåé¡ãçã¿åºãããããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãããããã£ãŠãå®å®ã³ãããŒã®ã¬ããã³ã¹ã¯ããããã®èª²é¡ã«å¹æçã«å¯ŸåŠããèœåãåããŠããªããã°ãªããŸããã
B. çµæžçºå±ã®ä¿é²
å®è¡å¯èœãªçµæžã·ã¹ãã ã¯ãå®å®ã³ãããŒã®é·æçãªæç¶å¯èœæ§ã«ãšã£ãŠäžå¯æ¬ ã§ããå®å®ã³ãããŒã®ã¬ããã³ã¹ã¯ãäŒæ¥ã«ãšã£ãŠå®å®çã§äºæž¬å¯èœãªç°å¢ãåµåºããæè³ãèªèŽããã€ãããŒã·ã§ã³ãä¿é²ããããšã«ãã£ãŠçµæžæé·ãè²ãå¿ èŠããããŸããããã«ã¯ãè³æºæ¡æã補é ã芳å ãªã©ãå®å®ç°å¢ã®ç¹å®ã®æ¡ä»¶ã«åãããæ°ããçµæžã¢ãã«ã®éçºãå«ãŸããå ŽåããããŸãã
C. ç°å¢ä¿è·
å®å®ã³ãããŒã¯ãè匱ã§ãã°ãã°æã€ããã®ç°å¢ã§éå¶ãããŸããå®å®ã³ãããŒã®ã¬ããã³ã¹ã¯ãæ±æã鲿¢ããè³æºãä¿è·ãã人éã®æŽ»åãåšå²ã®çæ ç³»ã«äžãã圱é¿ãæå°éã«æããããã®èŠå¶ã宿œããããšã«ãããç°å¢ä¿è·ãåªå ããªããã°ãªããŸãããããã«ã¯ãæç¶å¯èœãªæè¡ã®æ¡çšã責任ããè³æºç®¡çã®ä¿é²ããããŠä¿è·å°åã®èšç«ãå«ãŸããå ŽåããããŸãã
D. 瀟äŒççµæã®éžæ
å®å®ã³ãããŒã¯ã倿§ãªèæ¯ãæåãåœç±ãæã€åäººã§æ§æãããå¯èœæ§ãé«ãã§ããå®å®ã³ãããŒã®ã¬ããã³ã¹ã¯ãç°ãªãã°ã«ãŒãéã®å¯å®¹ãå°éããããŠçè§£ãä¿é²ããããšã«ãã£ãŠç€ŸäŒççµæãè²ãå¿ èŠããããŸããããã«ã¯ãæåããã°ã©ã ã®éçºãç°æåéã®å¯Ÿè©±ã®ä¿é²ããããŠãã¹ãŠã®å± äœè ã«å¯Ÿããæ©äŒåçã®ç¢ºä¿ãå«ãŸããå ŽåããããŸãã
II. å®å®ã³ãããŒã¬ããã³ã¹ã®æ³çæ çµã¿
å®å®ã³ãããŒã¬ããã³ã¹ã®æ³çæ çµã¿ã¯ãåœéæ³ã®äžã§ãè€éã§é²åãç¶ããŠããåéã§ããåœéå®å®æ³ã®ç€ã§ãã1967幎ã®å®å®æ¡çŽïŒOSTïŒã¯ã以äžãå«ãããã€ãã®éèŠãªååã確ç«ããŠããŸãã
- å®å®ç©ºéã®æ¢æ»ãšå©çšã®èªç±ã
- æãã®ä»ã®å€©äœãå«ãå®å®ç©ºéã®åœå®¶ã«ããé æã®çŠæ¢ã
- åœé£æ²ç« ãå«ãåœéæ³ã«åŸã£ãŠå®å®ç©ºéã§ã®æŽ»åãè¡ã矩åã
- æ¿åºæ©é¢ãŸãã¯éæ¿åºæ©é¢ã«ãã£ãŠè¡ããããã©ããã«ããããããå®å®ç©ºéã«ãããåœå®¶æŽ»åã«å¯Ÿããåœå®¶ã®è²¬ä»»ã
å®å®æ¡çŽã¯å®å®æ³ã®åºç€ãæäŸããŸãããå®å®ã³ãããŒã¬ããã³ã¹ã®å€ãã®ç¹å®ã®èª²é¡ã«ã¯å¯Ÿå¿ããŠããŸãããäŸãã°ãå®å®æ¡çŽã¯å®å®ã³ãããŒã«äœãåäººã®æš©å©ãšè²¬ä»»ãå®çŸ©ããŠããããã³ãããŒå± äœè éãŸãã¯ã³ãããŒãšå°çäžã®åœå®¶éã®çŽäºã解決ããããã®ã¡ã«ããºã ã確ç«ããŠããŸããã
A. æ¢åã®åœéå®å®æ³
å®å®æ¡çŽã«å ããŠãå®å®ã³ãããŒã¬ããã³ã¹ã«é¢é£ããä»ã®ããã€ãã®åœéæ¡çŽãåå®ããããŸããããã«ã¯ä»¥äžãå«ãŸããŸãã
- å®å®é£è¡å£«ã®æå©ãå®å®é£è¡å£«ã®è¿éåã³å®å®ç©ºéã«æã¡äžããããç©äœã®è¿éã«é¢ããåå®ïŒ1968幎ïŒã
- å®å®ç©äœãåŒãèµ·ãããæå®³ã«ã€ããŠã®åœéç責任ã«é¢ããæ¡çŽïŒ1972幎ïŒã
- å®å®ç©ºéã«æã¡äžããããç©äœã®ç»é²ã«é¢ããæ¡çŽïŒ1975幎ïŒã
- æãã®ä»ã®å€©äœã«ãããåœå®¶æŽ»åãåŸããåå®ïŒ1979幎ïŒâ ãã ããããã«ã¯çœ²ååœãéåžžã«å°ãªãã
ãããã®æ¡çŽã¯ãå®å®é£è¡å£«ã®æå©ãå®å®ç©äœã«ããæå®³ã®è²¬ä»»ãå®å®ç©äœã®ç»é²ãšãã£ãç¹å®ã®åé¡ã«å¯ŸåŠããŠããŸãããå®å®ã³ãããŒã¬ããã³ã¹ã®ããã®å æ¬çãªæ³çæ çµã¿ãæäŸããŠããããã§ã¯ãããŸããã
B. æ¢åæ³ã®é©çšã«ããã課é¡
æ¢åã®åœéå®å®æ³ãå®å®ã³ãããŒã«é©çšããã«ã¯ãããã€ãã®èª²é¡ããããŸãã
- ç®¡èœæš©ïŒå®å®ã³ãããŒã§ã®æŽ»åã«å¯ŸããŠã©ã®åœãç®¡èœæš©ãæã€ããæ±ºå®ããããšã¯ãç¹ã«ã³ãããŒãè€æ°ã®åœãŸãã¯æ°éäŒæ¥ã«ãã£ãŠèšç«ãããå Žåã«è€éã«ãªãå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
- å·è¡ïŒè·é¢ãç©æµäžã®èª²é¡ãèãããšãå®å®ã³ãããŒã§æ³åŸãå·è¡ããããšã¯å°é£ãªå ŽåããããŸãã
- è§£éïŒæ¡çŽã®èŠå®ã®å€ããå®å®å± äœã念é ã«çœ®ããŠèµ·èãããŠããªããããå®å®ã³ãããŒã®æèã§æ¢åã®å®å®æ³ãè§£éããããšã¯ææ§ã«ãªãå¯èœæ§ããããŸããäŸãã°ãè³æºæ¡æã«é©çšãããå Žåããå¹³åçç®çããšã¯äœãæ§æããã®ã§ããããïŒ
C. å°æ¥ã®æ³çæ çµã¿ã®å¯èœæ§
ãããã®èª²é¡ã«å¯ŸåŠããããã«ãå®å®ã³ãããŒã統治ããããã®æ°ããæ³çæ çµã¿ãå¿ èŠã«ãªããããããŸããããããã®æ çµã¿ã¯ã以äžã®ãããªæ§ã ãªåœ¢æ ããšãå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
- æ°ããåœéæ¡çŽïŒå®å®ã³ãããŒã¬ããã³ã¹ã®æ³çåé¡ã«ç¹ã«å¯ŸåŠããããã«ãæ°ããæ¡çŽã亀æžãããå¯èœæ§ããããŸããããã«ã¯å¹ åºãåœã ã®éã§ã³ã³ã»ã³ãµã¹ãå¿ èŠãšãªããéæã¯å°é£ãªå ŽåããããŸãã
- äºåœéãŸãã¯å€åœéåå®ïŒååœã¯ãç¹å®ã®å®å®ã³ãããŒã§ã®æŽ»åã統治ããããã«ãäºåœéãŸãã¯å€åœéã®åå®ãç· çµããããšãã§ããŸãããã®ã¢ãããŒãã¯äžççãªæ¡çŽãããæè»ãããããŸããããæçåãäžæŽåãæãå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
- å®å®ã³ãããŒã«ããèªæ²»ïŒå®å®ã³ãããŒã¯ãåœéæ³ã«ãã£ãŠèª²ãããç¹å®ã®å¶çŽã®äžã§ãç¬èªã®æ³å¶åºŠãéçºããããšãã§ããŸãããã®ã¢ãããŒãã¯ãã倧ããªèªæ²»ãå¯èœã«ããŸããã説æè²¬ä»»ã人暩ã«é¢ããæžå¿µãåŒãèµ·ããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
- éå±€çã¢ãããŒãïŒãã®ã¢ãããŒãã¯äžèšã®èŠçŽ ãçµã¿åããããã®ã§ãåœéæ³ãåºç¯ãªååãèšå®ããã¹ãã³ãµãŒåœéã®åæããã詳现ãæäŸããã³ãããŒã¬ãã«ã®ã¬ããã³ã¹ãå°åã®åé¡ã«å¯ŸåŠããŸãã
äŸïŒã¢ã«ããã¹åæã¯ãã³ãããŒæ³ãšããŠçŽæ¥é©çšããããã®ã§ã¯ãããŸããããç¹ã«æé¢ã§ã®å®å®æŽ»åã«é¢ããååã確ç«ããå€åœéåå®ã®äžäŸã§ãããããã®ååã¯ãäžéšã§ã¯ç©è°ãéžããŠããŸãããå°æ¥ã®ã¬ããã³ã¹ã«é¢ããè°è«ã®æœåšçãªæ çµã¿ãæäŸããŸãã
III. å®å®ã³ãããŒã®çµæžã¢ãã«
å®å®ã³ãããŒãæ¡çšããçµæžã¢ãã«ã¯ããã®æç¶å¯èœæ§ãç¹æ ããããŠç€ŸäŒæ§é ã«å€§ããªåœ±é¿ãäžããŸããããã€ãã®çµæžã¢ãã«ãææ¡ãããŠãããããããã«é·æãšçæããããŸãã
A. è³æºããŒã¹çµæž
è³æºããŒã¹çµæžã¯ãè³æºã¯è±å¯ã§ããããã¹ãŠã®äººã ãèªç±ã«å©çšã§ããã¹ãã ãšããèãã«åºã¥ããŠããŸããå®å®ã³ãããŒã®æèã§ã¯ãããã¯å°ææãæããŸãã¯ä»ã®å€©äœããè³æºãæœåºããããããç¡æã§ã³ãããŒå± äœè ã«åé ããããšãå«ããããããŸããããã®ã¢ãã«ã¯å¹³çãšã€ãããŒã·ã§ã³ãä¿é²ããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãããéå°æ¶è²»ãšç°å¢æªåã®ã€ã³ã»ã³ãã£ããçã¿åºãå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
B. åžå Žçµæž
åžå Žçµæžã¯ãéèŠãšäŸçµŠã®ååã«åºã¥ããŠããŸããå®å®ã³ãããŒã§ã¯ãããã¯å人ãäŒæ¥ãååããµãŒãã¹ã売買ã§ããèªç±åžå Žã確ç«ããããšãå«ããããããŸããããã®ã¢ãã«ã¯å¹çæ§ãšã€ãããŒã·ã§ã³ãä¿é²ããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãããäžå¹³çãšå¯ã®éäžã«ã€ãªããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãããŸããã³ãããŒã®çµ±æ²»æ©é¢ã«ãã£ãŠç®¡çãããããžã¿ã«é貚ãªã©ãäœããã®é貚ãŸãã¯äº€æåªäœãå¿ èŠã§ãã
C. èšç»çµæž
èšç»çµæžã¯ãæ¿åºãçç£ãšåé ã®ææ®µã管çãã¹ãã ãšããèãã«åºã¥ããŠããŸããå®å®ã³ãããŒã§ã¯ãããã¯æ¿åºãè³æºæ¡æã補é ããšãã«ã®ãŒçç£ãªã©ã®ãã¹ãŠã®äž»èŠç£æ¥ãææããéå¶ããããšãå«ããããããŸããããã®ã¢ãã«ã¯åºæ¬çãªããŒãºãæºããããããšãä¿èšŒãããããããŸããããã€ãããŒã·ã§ã³ãæå¶ããå人ã®èªç±ãå¶éããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
D. ãã€ããªããçµæž
ãã€ããªããçµæžã¯ãç°ãªãçµæžã¢ãã«ã®èŠçŽ ãçµã¿åããããã®ã§ããäŸãã°ãå®å®ã³ãããŒã¯åŒ·åãªç€ŸäŒçã»ãŒããã£ããããæã€åžå ŽçµæžããŸãã¯èªç±äŒæ¥ã®èŠçŽ ãæã€èšç»çµæžãæ¡çšããããšãã§ããŸãããã®ã¢ãããŒãã¯ãã³ãããŒãå€åããç¶æ³ã«é©å¿ãããã®ç¹å®ã®ããŒãºã«å¯ŸåŠã§ãããããæãå®çšçãããããŸããã
äŸïŒç«æã³ãããŒã¯ãåœåã¯è³æºé åãšã€ã³ãã©éçºã®ããã«äžå€®èšç»çµæžã«äŸåãããããããŸãããã³ãããŒãæçããã«ã€ããŠãèµ·æ¥å®¶ç²Ÿç¥ãšã€ãããŒã·ã§ã³ã奚å±ããããã«åžå ŽããŒã¹ã®ã·ã¹ãã ãå°å ¥ãããå¯èœæ§ããããã³ãããŒæ¿åºã¯çåœç¶æãè³æºç®¡çãªã©ã®å¿ èŠäžå¯æ¬ ãªãµãŒãã¹ã®ç®¡çãä¿æããŸãã
E. ã¯ããŒãºãã«ãŒãçµæž
å°çããã®è£çµŠã«å¶çŽããããããã¯ããŒãºãã«ãŒãçµæžã¯é·æçãªå®å®å± äœã«ãšã£ãŠäžå¯æ¬ ã§ããããã¯ã廿£ç©ãæå°éã«æããææããªãµã€ã¯ã«ãã飿çç£ãæ°Žæµåããšãã«ã®ãŒçæã®ããã®èªå·±æç¶å¯èœãªã·ã¹ãã ãæ§ç¯ããããšãæå³ããŸãããŸãããã¹ãŠã®ã·ã¹ãã ãšæ©åšã®èä¹ æ§ãä¿®çå¯èœæ§ãã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«èšèšã«éç¹ã眮ãããšãå¿ èŠã§ãã
IV. å®å®ã³ãããŒã®ç€ŸäŒæ§é
å®å®ã³ãããŒã®ç€ŸäŒæ§é ã¯ãäººå£æ§æãç°å¢æ¡ä»¶ãã¬ããã³ã¹ã·ã¹ãã ãªã©ãããŸããŸãªèŠå ã«ãã£ãŠåœ¢æãããŸããåæã®ã³ãããŒã¯ãã»ãšãã©æå³çãªã³ãã¥ããã£ã®ããã«ãé«åºŠã«èšèšãããå¯èœæ§ãé«ãã§ããããããæé·ãæçããã«ã€ããŠãå¿ ç¶çã«ç°ãªã瀟äŒã¢ãã«ãåºçŸããã§ãããã
A. å¹³ç䞻矩瀟äŒ
å®å®æ€æ°å°åã®äžéšã®æ¯æè ã¯ãå®å®ã³ãããŒã¯ãã¹ãŠã®å± äœè ã«å¹³çãªæ©äŒãšè³æºãäžããããå¹³ç䞻矩ã®ååã«åºã¥ããŠèšç«ãããã¹ãã ãšäž»åŒµããŠããŸããããã«ã¯ãäžå¹³çãæžããã瀟äŒçæµåæ§ãä¿é²ãã誰ããåºæ¬çãªå¿ éåã«ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ã§ããããã«ããæ¿çã®å®æœãå«ãŸããå¯èœæ§ããããŸããæ°ããã³ãããŒãšããæ¯èŒççœçŽã®ç¶æ ã¯ãå°çäžã®ç€ŸäŒã«å åšããäžå¹³çã®äžéšãåé¿ããå¯èœæ§ãæäŸããŸãã
B. å®å䞻矩瀟äŒ
ä»ã®äººã ã¯ãå®å®ã³ãããŒã¯åäººã®æ¥çžŸãšè²¢ç®ã«åºã¥ããŠå ±é ¬ãšæ©äŒãäžããããå®å䞻矩ã§ããã¹ãã ãšäž»åŒµããŠããŸããããã«ã¯ãæ¥çžŸããŒã¹ã®å ±é ¬ã·ã¹ãã ã®å°å ¥ãç«¶äºã®ä¿é²ãã€ãããŒã·ã§ã³ã®å¥šå±ãå«ãŸããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãããã®ã¢ãã«ã¯ãå€åãšçç£æ§ã奚å±ããå¯èœæ§ããããŸããã瀟äŒéå±€åã«ã€ãªããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
C. å ±åäœç€ŸäŒ
å ±åäœç€ŸäŒã¯ãéå£ã®å¹žçŠãšå ±æè³æºãåªå ããŸããããã«ã¯ã財ç£ã®å ±åææã®ç¢ºç«ã責任ã®åæ ãã³ã³ã»ã³ãµã¹ã«ããæææ±ºå®ãå«ãŸããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãããã®ã¢ãã«ã¯ã匷ãå ±åäœæèãšååãè²ãå¯èœæ§ããããŸãããå人ã®è¡šçŸãšèªçºæ§ãæå¶ãããããããŸããã
D. 瀟äŒççµæã®èª²é¡
å®å®ã³ãããŒã§ç€ŸäŒççµæãç¶æããããšã¯ãéèŠãªèª²é¡ãšãªããŸããå€ç«ãéãããè³æºãæåã®å€æ§æ§ãªã©ã®èŠå ãã瀟äŒçãªç·åŒµã®äžå ãšãªãå¯èœæ§ããããŸããå®å®ã³ãããŒã®ã¬ããã³ã¹ã¯ãç°ãªãã°ã«ãŒãéã®å¯å®¹ãå°éãçè§£ãä¿é²ããããšã«ãã£ãŠããããã®èª²é¡ã«å¯ŸåŠããªããã°ãªããŸãããå¿ççãµããŒããšçŽäºè§£æ±ºã¡ã«ããºã ãäžå¯æ¬ ã§ãã
äŸïŒæé¢ã®ç ç©¶ã¹ããŒã·ã§ã³ã¯ãåœåã¯æç¢ºãªæš©é系統ãæã€é«åºŠã«æ§é åãããéå±€çãªç°å¢ãããããŸãããã¹ããŒã·ã§ã³ãæä¹ çãªå± äœå°ã«é²åããã«ã€ããŠãç€ŸäŒæ§é ã¯ããæµåçã§æ°äž»çã«ãªããå± äœè ã¯ã³ãã¥ããã£ã®ã¬ããã³ã¹ã«ã€ããŠãã倧ããªçºèšæš©ãæã€ããã«ãªããããããŸããã
E. æåé©å¿
å®å®ã³ãããŒã¯å¿ ç¶çã«ãå°çã®æåã®èŠçŽ ãšå®å®ç°å¢ãžã®é©å¿ãèåããããç¬èªã®æåãçºå±ãããã§ããããå®å®ã³ãããŒã®ã¬ããã³ã¹ã¯ãæåéºç£ã®ä¿åã奚å±ãããšåæã«ãã€ãããŒã·ã§ã³ãšåµé æ§ãè²ãã¹ãã§ããããã«ã¯ãèžè¡è¡šçŸã®æ¯æŽãæå亀æµã®ä¿é²ã倿§æ§ã®ç§°è³ãå«ãŸããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
V. å®å®ã³ãããŒã¬ããã³ã¹ã®ããã®æè¡çèå¯
æè¡ã¯ãå®å®ã³ãããŒã®ã¬ããã³ã¹ã«ãããŠéèŠãªåœ¹å²ãæãããŸããå 鲿è¡ã¯ãç°å¢ã®ç£èŠãè³æºã®ç®¡çãæ³åŸã®å·è¡ããããŠã³ãã¥ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®ä¿é²ã«äœ¿çšã§ããŸããããããæè¡ã¯ãã©ã€ãã·ãŒã®æžå¿µããµã€ããŒã»ãã¥ãªãã£ã®ãªã¹ã¯ããããŠèª€çšã®å¯èœæ§ãšãã£ã課é¡ãããããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
A. ç°å¢ã¢ãã¿ãªã³ã°
ç°å¢ã¢ãã¿ãªã³ã°æè¡ã¯ãå®å®ã³ãããŒã®æç¶å¯èœæ§ã確ä¿ããããã«äžå¯æ¬ ã§ãããããã®æè¡ã¯ã空æ°ãšæ°Žã®è³ªã远跡ããè³æºæ¶è²»ãç£èŠããæœåšçãªå±éºãæ€åºããããã«äœ¿çšã§ããŸããç°å¢ã¢ãã¿ãªã³ã°ã·ã¹ãã ããåéãããããŒã¿ã¯ãæ¿ç決å®ã«æ å ±ãæäŸãã責任ããè³æºç®¡çãä¿é²ããããã«äœ¿çšã§ããŸãã
B. è³æºç®¡ç
è³æºç®¡çæè¡ã¯ãå®å®ã³ãããŒã®åžå°ãªè³æºã®å©çšãæé©åããããã«äžå¯æ¬ ã§ãããããã®æè¡ã¯ãè³æºæ¡æã®èªååããšãã«ã®ãŒçç£ã®æé©åã廿£ç©ã®æå°åã«äœ¿çšã§ããŸããå¹ççãªè³æºç®¡çã¯ãå®å®å± äœå°ã®é·æçãªåç¶å¯èœæ§ã確ä¿ããããã«äžå¯æ¬ ã§ãã
C. æ³å·è¡
æ³å·è¡æè¡ã¯ãç¯çœªã鲿¢ããçŽäºã解決ããå®å®ã³ãããŒã®åäººã®æš©å©ãä¿è·ããããã«äœ¿çšã§ããŸãããããã®æè¡ã«ã¯ãç£èŠã·ã¹ãã ãçäœèªèšŒãä»®æ³çŸå®ãã¬ãŒãã³ã°ã·ãã¥ã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³ãªã©ãå«ãŸããå¯èœæ§ããããŸããããããå®å šä¿éã®å¿ èŠæ§ãšå人ã®ãã©ã€ãã·ãŒããã³åžæ°çèªç±ã®ä¿è·ãšã®ãã©ã³ã¹ããšãããšãéèŠã§ãã
D. ã³ãã¥ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³
ä¿¡é Œæ§ã®é«ãã³ãã¥ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã¯ãå°çãšã®é£çµ¡ãç¶æããå®å®ã³ãããŒå ã®ã³ãã¥ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãä¿é²ããããã«äžå¯æ¬ ã§ããéä¿¡æè¡ã«ã¯ãè¡æéä¿¡ã·ã¹ãã ãã¬ãŒã¶ãŒéä¿¡ã·ã¹ãã ãä»®æ³çŸå®ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ãŒã¹ãªã©ãå«ãŸããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã广çãªã³ãã¥ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã¯ã掻åã®èª¿æŽãæ å ±ã®å ±æããããŠå£«æ°ã®ç¶æã«äžå¯æ¬ ã§ãã
E. ãµã€ããŒã»ãã¥ãªãã£
å®å®ã³ãããŒã¯ããžã¿ã«ã€ã³ãã©ã«å€§ããäŸåããããããµã€ããŒæ»æã«å¯ŸããŠè匱ã«ãªããŸãããµã€ããŒã»ãã¥ãªãã£å¯Ÿçã¯ãéèŠãªã·ã¹ãã ãäžæ£ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ã劚害ãããŒã¿æŒæŽ©ããä¿è·ããããã«äžå¯æ¬ ã§ããããã«ã¯ãå ç¢ãªã»ãã¥ãªãã£ãããã³ã«ã®å®è£ ããµã€ããŒã»ãã¥ãªãã£æèã«é¢ãã人å¡ã®ãã¬ãŒãã³ã°ãã€ã³ã·ãã³ã察å¿èšç»ã®çå®ãå«ãŸããŸãã
F. 人工ç¥èœïŒAIïŒ
AIã¯ãçåœç¶æã·ã¹ãã ã®ç®¡çããç ç©¶ãæ¢æ»ã®æ¯æŽãŸã§ãå®å®ã³ãããŒç掻ã®å€ãã®åŽé¢ã§éèŠãªåœ¹å²ãæããå¯èœæ§ããããŸããAIæèŒã·ã¹ãã ã¯ãèŠå¶éµå®ã®ç£èŠãçŽäºè§£æ±ºãå± äœè ãžã®ããŒãœãã©ã€ãºããããµãŒãã¹ã®æäŸãªã©ãã¬ããã³ã¹æ¥åã®æ¯æŽãã§ããŸããããããAIã·ã¹ãã ãå«ççãã€è²¬ä»»ããæ¹æ³ã§äœ¿çšããã人暩ãèªåŸæ§ã䟵害ããªãããã«ããããšãéèŠã§ãã
VI. å®å®ã³ãããŒã¬ããã³ã¹ã«ãããå«ççèå¯
å®å®ã³ãããŒã®èšç«ã¯ãç©æ¥µçã«å¯ŸåŠããªããã°ãªããªãå€ãã®å«ççèå¯ãæèµ·ããŸãããããã®èå¯ã«ã¯ä»¥äžãå«ãŸããŸãã
A. ææä¿è·
ææä¿è·ã¯ãä»ã®å€©äœãå°çã®çåœã§æ±æããããšããŸããã®éãé²ãããšãç®çãšããŠããŸããå®å®ã³ãããŒã®ã¬ããã³ã¹ã¯ããã¹ãŠã®æŽ»åãææä¿è·ãããã³ã«ã«åŸã£ãŠè¡ãããããšãä¿èšŒããªããã°ãªããŸãããããã«ã¯ãæ©åšã®æ» èãæ±æç©è³ªã®æŸåºã®æå°åãå°çå€çåœäœãååšããå¯èœæ§ã®ããææãªé åã®åé¿ãå«ãŸããŸãã
B. ç°å¢å«ç
ç°å¢å«çã¯ãç°å¢ãä¿è·ãã人éã®é埳ç矩åãæ±ããŸããå®å®ã³ãããŒã®ã¬ããã³ã¹ã¯ãè³æºãç¯çŽããæ±æãæå°éã«æããçç©å€æ§æ§ãä¿è·ããæ¿çã宿œããããšã«ãããç°å¢ã®æç¶å¯èœæ§ãåªå ããªããã°ãªããŸãããããã«ã¯ãæç¶å¯èœãªæè¡ã®æ¡çšã責任ããè³æºç®¡çã®ä¿é²ãä¿è·å°åã®èšç«ãå«ãŸããŸãã
C. 人暩
人暩ã¯ãåœç±ãæ°æããã®ä»ã®å°äœã«é¢ä¿ãªãããã¹ãŠã®å人ã享åããæš©å©ãšèªç±ã®åºæ¬ã§ããå®å®ã³ãããŒã®ã¬ããã³ã¹ã¯ããã¹ãŠã®å± äœè ã®äººæš©ãå°éãããä¿è·ãããããšãä¿èšŒããªããã°ãªããŸãããããã«ã¯ãèšè«ã®èªç±ãéäŒã®èªç±ã宿ã®èªç±ãå ¬æ£ãªè£å€ãåããæš©å©ãå«ãŸããŸãã
D. åé çæ£çŸ©
åé çæ£çŸ©ã¯ãè³æºãšæ©äŒã®å ¬æ£ãªé åã«é¢ä¿ããŸããå®å®ã³ãããŒã®ã¬ããã³ã¹ã¯ãèæ¯ãå°äœã«é¢ä¿ãªãããã¹ãŠã®å± äœè ã®éã§è³æºãšæ©äŒãå ¬æ£ã«åé ãããããšãä¿èšŒããªããã°ãªããŸãããããã«ã¯ãäžå¹³çãæžããã瀟äŒçæµåæ§ãä¿é²ãã誰ããåºæ¬çãªå¿ éåã«ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ã§ããããã«ããæ¿çã®å®æœãå«ãŸããŸãã
E. ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãšå ¬å¹³æ§
誰ãå®å®ã«è¡ãããããã®æ°ãã瀟äŒã«åå ã§ããã®ã§ããããïŒå®å®ã³ãããŒãžã®å ¬å¹³ãªã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ã確ä¿ããããšã¯ãç¹ã«ã³ã¹ããé«ãåææ®µéã§ã¯å€§ããªèª²é¡ãšãªãã§ããããå®å®ã³ãããŒã®ã¬ããã³ã¹ã¯ã倿§æ§ãšå æ¬æ§ãä¿é²ããããããèæ¯ã®åäººã«æ©äŒãæäŸãããããšãä¿èšŒããæ¿çãæ€èšãã¹ãã§ãã
VII. ã±ãŒã¹ã¹ã¿ãã£ïŒæªæ¥ã®å®å®ã³ãããŒãæ³åãã
å®éã«å®å šã«ç¬ç«ããå®å®ã³ãããŒã¯ãŸã æªæ¥ã®ããšã§ãããææ¡ãããèšèšãã·ããªãªãæ€èšããããšã§ãã¬ããã³ã¹ã«é¢ããèå¯ã®æŽå¯ãåŸãããšãã§ããŸãããããã®äŸã¯ã決å®çãªéåçã§ã¯ãªããæèå®éšãšããŠèæ ®ãããã¹ãã§ãã
A. æé¢åºå°ã¢ã«ãã¡
è€æ°ã®åœã«ããå ±åäºæ¥ãšããŠèšç«ãããæä¹ çãªæé¢åºå°ãæ³åããŠã¿ãŠãã ãããã¬ããã³ã¹ã¯ãååå åœã代衚ããè©è°äŒã«ãã£ãŠè¡ãããæ±ºå®ã¯ã³ã³ã»ã³ãµã¹ã«ãã£ãŠãªããããããããŸãããåºå°ã¯ç§åŠç ç©¶ãšè³æºæ¡æã«çŠç¹ãåœãŠãæç°å¢ãä¿è·ããããã®å³æ Œãªãããã³ã«ãèšããããŸããéèŠãªèª²é¡ã¯ãç°ãªãåœã®ç«¶åããå©çã管çããè³æºãå ¬å¹³ã«å ±æãããããšãä¿èšŒããããšã§ãã
B. ç«æéœåžãªãªã³ãã¹
æ°éäŒæ¥ã«ãã£ãŠèšç«ãããç«æäžã®èªçµŠèªè¶³ã®éœåžãèããŠã¿ãŸããããã¬ããã³ã¹ã¯äŒæ¥æ²ç« ã«åºã¥ãå¯èœæ§ããããå± äœè ã®æ¿æ²»çæš©å©ã¯éãããŠããŸããéœåžã¯è£œé ãšæè¡é©æ°ã«çŠç¹ãåœãŠãçµæžæé·ã«åŒ·ãéç¹ã眮ããŸããéèŠãªèª²é¡ã¯ãäŒæ¥ã®å©çãšå± äœè ã®ããŒãºãæš©å©ãšã®ãã©ã³ã¹ããšãããšã§ãã
C. å°æææ¡æå ±åäœ
å転ããå°ææã®å± äœæœèšã§ç掻ããåãé±å±±åŽåè ã®ååçµåãæãæããŠã¿ãŠãã ãããã¬ããã³ã¹ã¯çŽæ¥æ°äž»äž»çŸ©ã«åºã¥ãå¯èœæ§ããããå± äœè ãå ±åã§æ±ºå®ãäžããŸããå± äœæœèšã¯å°ææã®æ¡æãšè³æºåŠçã«çŠç¹ãåœãŠãç°å¢ã®æç¶å¯èœæ§ã«åŒ·ãéç¹ã眮ããŸããéèŠãªèª²é¡ã¯ãå± äœè éã®å¯Ÿç«ã管çããè³æºã責任ãæã£ãŠäœ¿çšãããããšãä¿èšŒããããšã§ãã
VIII. å®å®ã³ãããŒã¬ããã³ã¹ã®æªæ¥
å®å®ã³ãããŒã®ããã®å¹æçãªã¬ããã³ã¹æ§é ã®éçºã¯ãæ¿åºãæ°éäŒæ¥ãç ç©¶è ã®éã®ååãå¿ èŠãšããç¶ç¶çãªããã»ã¹ã§ããå®å®æ€æ°å°åãçŸå®ã«ãªãã«ã€ããŠãé¢é£ãã課é¡ãšæ©äŒã«ã€ããŠã®æã ã®çè§£ãæ·±ãç¶ããæ£çŸ©ãæç¶å¯èœæ§ããããŠç¹æ ãä¿é²ãã驿°çãªè§£æ±ºçãéçºããããšãäžå¯æ¬ ã§ãã
A. ååãšã€ãããŒã·ã§ã³
å®å®ã³ãããŒã®æåããã¬ããã³ã¹ã«ã¯ãæ¿åºãæ°éäŒæ¥ãç ç©¶è ãåžæ°ãå«ãå¹ åºãå©å®³é¢ä¿è éã®ååãå¿ èŠã§ãããã®ååã¯ãå®å®ã³ãããŒã¬ããã³ã¹ã®èª²é¡ã«å¯Ÿãã驿°çãªè§£æ±ºçã®éçºãšããããã®è§£æ±ºçã責任ããå«ççãªæ¹æ³ã§å®æœãããããšãä¿èšŒããããšã«çŠç¹ãåœãŠãã¹ãã§ãã
B. æè²ãšã¢ãŠããªãŒã
å ¬æè²ãšã¢ãŠããªãŒãã¯ãå®å®æ€æ°å°åãžã®æ¯æãè²ã¿ãé¢é£ããã¬ããã³ã¹åé¡ãžã®æèãé«ããããã«äžå¯æ¬ ã§ããããã«ã¯ãå®å®æ€æ°å°åã®å©ç¹ãé¢é£ãã課é¡ããããŠå¯ŸåŠããªããã°ãªããªãå«ççèå¯ã«ã€ããŠäžè¬åžæ°ãæè²ããããšãå«ãŸããŸãããŸããå®å®ã³ãããŒã¬ããã³ã¹ã®æªæ¥ã«ã€ããŠã®è°è«ã«äžè¬åžæ°ãå·»ã蟌ãããšãå«ãŸããŸãã
C. é·æçããžã§ã³
å®å®ã³ãããŒã®ã¬ããã³ã¹ã¯ãæç¶å¯èœæ§ãæ£çŸ©ããããŠäººéã®å¹žçŠãåªå ããé·æçãªããžã§ã³ã«ãã£ãŠå°ãããªããã°ãªããŸããããã®ããžã§ã³ã¯ãæ³çæ çµã¿ã®éçºããçµæžæ¿çã®å®æœãç€ŸäŒæ§é ã®èšèšãŸã§ãå®å®ã³ãããŒã¬ããã³ã¹ã«é¢é£ãããã¹ãŠã®æ±ºå®ã«æ å ±ãæäŸããã¹ãã§ããé·æçãªèŠç¹ãæ¡çšããããšã§ãå®å®ã³ãããŒã人é¡ã®é²æ©ã«è²¢ç®ãããç¹æ ããæ°žç¶ãã瀟äŒã«ãªãããšãä¿èšŒã§ããŸãã
IX. çµè«
å®å®ã³ãããŒã®ã¬ããã³ã¹ã¯ãæ éãªæ€èšãšç©æ¥µçãªèšç»ãå¿ èŠãšããè€éã§å€é¢çãªèª²é¡ã§ããé¢é£ããæ³çãçµæžçã瀟äŒçãæè¡çããããŠå«ççãªåé¡ã«åãçµãããšã«ãã£ãŠãç§ãã¡ã¯å°çå€ã§å ¬æ£ã§ãæç¶å¯èœã§ãç¹æ ãã瀟äŒãåµé ããããšãã§ããŸãããã®éå¿çãªæ ã«ä¹ãåºãã«ããããå®å®ã«ããã人é¡ã®æªæ¥ã¯ãç§ãã¡èªèº«ã責任ããå«ççãªæ¹æ³ã§çµ±æ²»ããèœåã«ããã£ãŠããããšãå¿ããŠã¯ãªããŸããã
å®å®ã³ãããŒã®èšç«ã¯ã人é¡ã®æŽå²ã«ãããæ¥µããŠéèŠãªç¬éã衚ããŠããŸããå®å®ã³ãããŒã¬ããã³ã¹ã®èª²é¡ãšæ©äŒãåãå ¥ããããšã«ãã£ãŠãç§ãã¡ã¯äººé¡ããã®èŠéãåºããæ°ããªããã³ãã£ã¢ãæ¢æ±ãããã¹ãŠã®äººã«ãšã£ãŠããå ¬æ£ã§æç¶å¯èœãªäžçãç¯ãæªæ¥ãåµé ããããšãã§ããŸãã